in this post, I would like to share about the material that was found in the recent curriculum 2013 revised edition. it is about caption. this topic will cover a wide range of subtopic of the caption but they will be posted individually. in this post I will write about formal caption and how to teach formal caption using scientific approach in Kurikulum 13 edisi Revisi
The goal of the lesson are:
- The students are expected to be able to understand what formal caption is based on the social function in the social life.
- Students are able to differ between one formal caption to another based on the generic structure and language features of the formal caption.
What the teacher need as a media are:
- A projector / Print out the resource.
The Scientific Approach Syntax.
The scientific Discovery Learning Model are: (1) Stimulation, (2) Problem Statement, (3) Data Processing, (4) Verification, and (5) Generalization.
And here are the phases that need to follow by the teacher in teaching formal caption using scientific approach.
A. Team Split
The teacher need to split the students into some teams based on the quantity of the students in a room. the best possible member of team is four students in one team that could be selected randomly or purposively based on the students' academic achievements and involvement in the classroom activity.
If the teacher selected random selection, it is recommended to use an internet platform to do the task instead of using traditional method where the teacher randomly select the students based on the teachers' will. it is recommended because of two reasons. (1) the avoid bias from the teacher in selecting the students since the teachers have interest in selecting the member of the team, (2) to increase the students' trust to the result of the team allocation, hence, the students will be willingly to work in the selective team member.
Disclaimer: this phase is not included into a scientific approach syntax.
B. Stimulation.
the stimulation phase is purposed to give a general knowledge to the students about the topic being discussed in the meeting. thus, it becomes a crucial step to follow and must not be left out by the teacher in the teaching and learning process. in this phase, the teacher should let the students observe a formal caption in the news.
What the teacher should do in this phase are:
- The teacher should print out the paper that should be observed before the class or the teacher may project it to the students so it can be observable by the whole students.
- The teacher has to start displaying the caption along with its news to the students expecting that they may have a grounded understanding on what the formal caption looks like.
C. Problem Statement
In this step, the teachers are expected to be able to stimulate student to ask questions as many as possible. The teacher may use different approach and strategy to make students active in questioning about the caption they observed.
The questions that frequently comes from the students (based on the personal experience) are:
- What is this caption for?
- How to write a caption?
- What is the important part of the caption?
- How formal caption can be vary to the caption in general?.
If the question is easy to answer, gives the opportunity to the class to answer the questions. if the questions relate to the core topic that will be discussed in that meeting, redirect students to find the answer in the data collection phase.
D. Data Collection
In this phase the students in each team are given three news from a credible company such as CNN, Narasi News, Jakarta Post, etc that contain picture and formal caption or they can find the caption themselves through their device (Smartphone, Computer, etc) or they can simply go to library and find the caption in the subscribed newspaper in the library.
The students are expected to observe the caption in that news. and what need to do by the students are (1) finding the similarity between one caption to another, (2) finding the differences between one caption to another. here is the detail of what to do as a teacher in this data collection phase.
- The teacher print out the selective captions in the news to be collected by the students before the class begin. You may find the source yourself by accessing the website of the news publisher.
- The teacher hand the formal captions in the news that has been selected to the students in each team, followed by the instruction on how to observe and what the students need to do during this data collection process and the duration of the discussion (based on the students' performance, the better students improvement in the classroom, the shorter the duration that could the teacher give the students to do the data collection).
- The teacher let the students work in their team by their own while going around the room to assist and check the students if there is a possible confusion and misguidance among the students on how to do the observation process. Make sure that you don't step in too far by giving the students detail answer to the task directly without ensuring that the students know what to collect.
E. Data Processing
In this step, the students in the teams are expected to analyze their data findings (the differences and the similarities between two or three captions). the analysis should be redirected to answer the questions in the questioning phase. if it is about the generic structure, then guide the students to use their findings in formulating the generic structure of the caption.
To make it possible, the teacher may kindly ordered students to formulate how to create a caption, what should be a mandatory in a caption, and what should be an optional element in the caption. Please highlight that the final team's result should be presented in the classroom.
F. Verification
In this phase, the students are ordered to present the result of their processed data. This step is important to improve students' communication skill. the techniques used in this presentation can be vary, I prefer to use Number Head Together techniques to make the students involvement in equally distributed.
During this process, the teacher need to pay attention to the result the students found. It is because the teacher need to verify whether their understanding is correct or incorrect. the statement on what is the correct conclusion should be done directly after the presentation.
G. Generalization
This phase expect teacher to accommodate students in taking the conclusion. Please avoid that the conclusion taking done by the teacher himself. Taking conclusion should be the main desk job of the students, while the role of the teacher is to guide the conclusion into a right direction.
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